PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH RECORD_BYTES = 100 FILE_RECORDS = 136 ^RSTP_HDR_TABLE = ("MAOI20082181524A.TPS",1) ^RSTP_TABLE = ("MAOI20082181524A.TPS",5) INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER" TARGET_NAME = "MARS" INSTRUMENT_NAME = "RADIO SCIENCE SUBSYSTEM" DATA_SET_ID = "MRO-M-RSS-5-TPS-V1.0" PRODUCT_ID = "MAOI20082181524A.TPS" PRODUCT_TYPE = TPS PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = 2012-11-07 DESCRIPTION = "This file contains an atmospheric temperature-pressure profile derived from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) radio occultation data. Processing begins with samples of output from the receiving antenna of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN). The data are calibrated and converted to estimates of bending angle versus impact parameter. A profile of refractive index versus radius is derived through an Abel transform. Refractive index is converted to number density using a formula appropriate to the composition of the atmosphere, which is known. Pressure and temperature profiles are derived by assuming hydrostatic balance and using the ideal gas law. See Hinson et al. (J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26997-27012, 1999; J. Geophys. Res., 109, E12002, 2004) for more details. This file was produced by David P. Hinson at the SETI Institute." START_TIME = 2008-08-05T15:24:04 STOP_TIME = 2008-08-05T15:32:00 SOFTWARE_NAME = "gTPS_mro; V1.0" PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-11-07T21:57:07 PRODUCER_ID = "DPH/SETI" OBJECT = RSTP_HDR_TABLE ROWS = 1 COLUMNS = 27 ROW_BYTES = 400 INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII DESCRIPTION = "The RSTP header contains ancillary data associated with an atmospheric temperature-pressure profile. Each header includes a single row of 27 data columns (343 total bytes), 55 ASCII blank characters to pad out the record, and an ASCII carriage-return line-feed pair at the end." OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "NUMBER OF SAMPLES IN PROFILE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 1 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 1 BYTES = 3 FORMAT = "I3" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Number of samples in retrieved profile. Its value depends on the local surface pressure, the experiment geometry, and the vertical resolution of the profile." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "START TIME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 2 DATA_TYPE = TIME START_BYTE = 5 BYTES = 23 UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The Earth Receive Time (UTC) at which the first radio occultation data sample was acquired." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "STOP TIME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 3 DATA_TYPE = TIME START_BYTE = 29 BYTES = 23 UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The Earth Receive Time (UTC) at which the last radio occultation data sample was acquired." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SPACECRAFT TIME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 4 DATA_TYPE = TIME START_BYTE = 53 BYTES = 23 UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The time (UTC) at MRO when the geometrical ray path grazed the limb of Mars." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "ORBIT NUMBER" COLUMN_NUMBER = 5 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 77 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "I5" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Orbit number from which the data were acquired; set to zero if not known." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "GROUND ANTENNA NUMBER" COLUMN_NUMBER = 6 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 83 BYTES = 2 FORMAT = "I2" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Number of the terrestrial antenna used to conduct the experiment (e.g., 14, 43, 65, ...)." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "EXPERIMENT CONFIGURATION" COLUMN_NUMBER = 7 DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER START_BYTE = 87 BYTES = 7 FORMAT = "A7" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Radio occultation experiments with MRO can be conducted in two configurations. In the TWO WAY mode, the DSN ground antenna transmits an uplink signal that propagates to MRO. Using the uplink signal as a frequency reference, MRO generates a coherently related downlink signal and transmits it back to the same DSN ground antenna, where the data are recorded. A hydrogen maser is used as the frequency reference for the signals transmitted and received by the ground antenna. In the ONE WAY mode, the uplink signal is absent and the experiment is performed with a downlink signal derived from a moderately stable oscillator onboard MRO. See Hinson et al. (Icarus, 193, 125-138, 2008) for further discussion." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "RAY PATH DIRECTION" COLUMN_NUMBER = 8 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 96 BYTES = 6 FORMAT = "F6.1" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "The angle between local north and the tangent to the downlink ray path at the base of the profile, measured positive from local north toward local east. The tangent to the ray path indicates the direction of signal propagation. A signal traveling from west toward east as it grazed the surface would have a ray-path-direction of 90 degrees." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "ANGLE FROM DIAMETRIC" COLUMN_NUMBER = 9 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 103 BYTES = 6 FORMAT = "F6.1" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Angle at which the spacecraft rises or sets behind the planet limb, measured clockwise from the planet radial direction as viewed from Earth. An angle- from-diametric equal to zero indicates a diametric occultation with motion of the ray away from the surface (e.g., occultation egress). A value of 180 degrees is a diametric ingress occultation." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "LATITUDE AT SURFACE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 10 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 110 BYTES = 7 FORMAT = "F7.3" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (north) latitude at the base of the profile." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "LONGITUDE AT SURFACE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 11 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 118 BYTES = 8 FORMAT = "F8.3" UNIT = "DEGREE" POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST" DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric east longitude at the base of the profile in body fixed coordinates." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SUB-SOLAR LATITUDE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 12 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 127 BYTES = 6 FORMAT = "F6.2" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (north) latitude of the sun at SPACECRAFT TIME." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SUB-SOLAR LONGITUDE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 13 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 134 BYTES = 7 FORMAT = "F7.2" UNIT = "DEGREE" POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST" DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric east longitude of the sun in body fixed coordinates at SPACECRAFT TIME." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SOLAR LONGITUDE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 14 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 142 BYTES = 6 FORMAT = "F6.2" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Value of the angle between the Mars-Sun line at the time of geometric occultation and the Mars-Sun line at the Mars vernal equinox. Measured positive with increasing time following the vernal equinox. Sometimes denoted L-sub-s." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "MARS YEAR" COLUMN_NUMBER = 15 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 149 BYTES = 2 FORMAT = "I2" UNIT = "MARTIAN YEAR" DESCRIPTION = "Martian year number, using the convention that Mars year 1 (MY 1) began on 11 April 1955 (Clancy et al., J. Geophys. Res., 105, 9553-9572, 2000)." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SPACECRAFT TO LIMB DISTANCE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 16 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 152 BYTES = 9 FORMAT = "E9.3" UNIT = "METER" DESCRIPTION = "Distance from spacecraft to the base of the profile at time when ray path grazed surface." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SPACECRAFT TO EARTH DISTANCE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 17 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 162 BYTES = 9 FORMAT = "E9.3" UNIT = "METER" DESCRIPTION = "Distance from spacecraft to terrestrial receiving antenna at time when ray path grazed planetary surface." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "LOCAL TRUE SOLAR TIME OF OCCULTATION" COLUMN_NUMBER = 18 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 172 BYTES = 6 FORMAT = "F6.3" UNIT = "HOUR" DESCRIPTION = "Local true solar time (LTST) at the time and location of the occultation measurement. LTST at the sub-solar longitude is defined as 12 solar hours. LTST on other meridians changes by one solar hour for each 15 degree increment in longitude. Thus, LTST for the occultation measurement is given by 12 + (LONGITUDE_AT_SURFACE - SUB-SOLAR_LONGITUDE)/15." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SOLAR ZENITH ANGLE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 19 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 179 BYTES = 6 FORMAT = "F6.2" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Angle between the direction to Sun and local vertical direction on Mars at time and location of the occultation measurement." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SUN-EARTH-SPACECRAFT ANGLE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 20 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 186 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "F5.1" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Approximate angle between Sun and spacecraft as viewed from Earth during experiment." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "ANTENNA ELEVATION ANGLE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 21 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 192 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "F5.1" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Approximate angle between direction to spacecraft and local horizon at terrestrial receiving antenna during experiment." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "GRAVITY FIELD MODEL" COLUMN_NUMBER = 22 DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER START_BYTE = 199 BYTES = 18 FORMAT = "A18" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "File name of gravity field spherical harmonic model used in profile retrieval and calculation of geopotential." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "GEOPOTENTIAL REFERENCE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 23 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 219 BYTES = 9 FORMAT = "F9.0" UNIT = "METER SQUARED PER SECOND SQUARED" DESCRIPTION = "Reference value for geopotential. Reference geoid has mean equatorial radius of 3396 kilometers." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "TRAJECTORY FILE NAME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 24 DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER START_BYTE = 230 BYTES = 13 FORMAT = "A13" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Name of the spacecraft ephemeris file used in retrieving this profile. This BSP file was created by the MRO NAV Team at JPL." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "RADIO SCIENCE RECEIVER FILE NAME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 25 DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER START_BYTE = 246 BYTES = 31 FORMAT = "A31" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Name of the file that contains the raw data recorded by the DSN Radio Science Receiver (RSR) during this experiment." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "DOWNLINK FREQUENCY FILE NAME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 26 DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER START_BYTE = 280 BYTES = 30 FORMAT = "A30" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Name of the file that contains the downlink frequency predictions used for tuning the RSR during this experiment." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "TRACKING AND NAVIGATION FILE NAME" COLUMN_NUMBER = 27 DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER START_BYTE = 313 BYTES = 30 FORMAT = "A30" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "Name of the file that specifies the frequency of the uplink signal transmitted by the DSN ground antenna during this experiment. Left blank when the experiment was performed without an uplink signal, as indicated by an EXPERIMENT CONFIGURATION of ONE WAY." END_OBJECT = COLUMN END_OBJECT = RSTP_HDR_TABLE OBJECT = RSTP_TABLE ROWS = 132 COLUMNS = 10 ROW_BYTES = 100 INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII DESCRIPTION = "Table contains one radio science atmospheric temperature-pressure profile. Each row in the table comprises 10 columns, delimited by ASCII commas (98 bytes total); the final two positions are occupied by an ASCII carriage-return and an ASCII line-feed." OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "RADIUS" COLUMN_NUMBER = 1 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 1 BYTES = 9 FORMAT = "F9.1" UNIT = "METER" DESCRIPTION = "Measurement radius from center of mass of Mars." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "LATITUDE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 2 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 11 BYTES = 7 FORMAT = "F7.3" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (north) latitude of measurement." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "LONGITUDE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 3 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 19 BYTES = 8 FORMAT = "F8.3" UNIT = "DEGREE" POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST" DESCRIPTION = "Areocentric (east) longitude of measurement in body fixed coordinates." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "GEOPOTENTIAL" COLUMN_NUMBER = 4 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 28 BYTES = 8 FORMAT = "F8.0" UNIT = "METER SQUARED PER SECOND SQUARED" DESCRIPTION = "Geopotential at measurement location (RADIUS, LATITUDE, LONGITUDE). A reference value (GEOPOTENTIAL REFERENCE in RSTP_HEADER_TABLE) has been subtracted." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "PRESSURE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 5 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 37 BYTES = 11 FORMAT = "E11.5" UNIT = "PASCAL" DESCRIPTION = "Atmospheric pressure at RADIUS." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SIGMA PRESSURE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 6 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 49 BYTES = 8 FORMAT = "E8.2" UNIT = "PASCAL" DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty in PRESSURE." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "TEMPERATURE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 7 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 58 BYTES = 11 FORMAT = "E11.5" UNIT = "KELVIN" DESCRIPTION = "Atmospheric temperature at RADIUS." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SIGMA TEMPERATURE" COLUMN_NUMBER = 8 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 70 BYTES = 8 FORMAT = "E8.2" UNIT = "KELVIN" DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty in TEMPERATURE." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "NUMBER DENSITY" COLUMN_NUMBER = 9 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 79 BYTES = 11 FORMAT = "E11.5" UNIT = "1 PER CUBIC METER" DESCRIPTION = "Molecular number density of the atmosphere at RADIUS." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "SIGMA NUMBER DENSITY" COLUMN_NUMBER = 10 DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 91 BYTES = 8 FORMAT = "E8.2" UNIT = "1 PER CUBIC METER" DESCRIPTION = "One standard deviation uncertainty in NUMBER DENSITY." END_OBJECT = COLUMN END_OBJECT = RSTP_TABLE END